Understanding the mystery of the queen-find ingredients to make royal jelly - applied to beekeeping instructor expectations Toyama Prefectural

Material is grown queen bee larvae are included in the royal jelly is secreted by worker bees, "Roiyarakuchin" found that the protein called. Kamakura Masaki Toyama Prefectural University Lecturer in Biological Engineering (40) found, the British science journal Nature published an electronic version of the 24 dates.
Only the larvae to become queens given royal jelly had been known for over 100 years, first locate the components responsible for its function. Kamakura lecturer, "and the Development of a reliable supply of bee breeding, might have shed light on colony collapse disorder worker bees suddenly disappear," he said.
The fast growth compared to the queen of female worker bees, all body mass 1.5 times, 20 times life. Only the queen can lay eggs, no less than 2,000 eggs a day. Roiyarakuchin is in the fat body equivalent to the mammalian liver, "epidermal growth factor receptor" (EGFR) that acts also found that the cause of these characteristics.
For fecundity of these, EGFR, via the corpus allatum of the head "of juvenile hormone" that leads to increased secretion is enhanced.

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　蜜蜂の幼虫を女王蜂に成長させる物質は、働き蜂が分泌するロイヤルゼリーに含まれる「ロイヤラクチン」と呼ばれるたんぱく質であることが分かっ た。富山県立大工学部生物工学科の鎌倉昌樹講師（４０）が発見し、２４日付の英科学誌ネイチャー電子版に発表した。

　ロイヤルゼリーを与えられた幼虫だけが女王蜂になることは１００年以上前から知られていたが、その機能を担う成分が初めて突き止められ た。鎌倉講師は「蜜蜂を安定供給する飼育法の開発や、働き蜂が突然いなくなる蜂群崩壊症候群の解明に役立つのではないか」と話している。

　女王蜂は全て雌である働き蜂に比べて成長が早く、体格は１．５倍、寿命は２０倍。女王蜂だけが産卵でき、１日に約２０００個もの卵を産 む。ロイヤラクチンは、哺乳類の肝臓に相当する脂肪体にある「上皮増殖因子受容体」（ＥＧＦＲ）に作用することで、これらの特徴を生じさせることも分かっ た。

　このうち産卵数については、ＥＧＦＲを介し、頭部のアラタ体から「幼若ホルモン」の分泌が促進されて増加に至るという。